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This is banned in the US but a hot topic in fight over Ohio's abortion amendment_我的网站

一 |     COLUMBUS, Ohio -- With Election Day closing in, anti-abortion groups seeking to build opposition to a reproductive rights measure in Ohio are messaging heavily around a term for an abortion procedure that was once used later in pregnancy — but hasn't been legal in the U.S. for over 15 years.In ads, debates and public statements, the opposition campaign and top Republicans have increasingly been referencing “partial-birth abortions” as an imminent threat if voters approve the constitutional amendment on Nov. 7. “Partial-birth abortion” is a non-medical term for a procedure known as dilation and extraction, or D&X, which is already federally prohibited.“It would allow a partial-birth abortion,” Ohio Gov. Mike DeWine told reporters recently as he explained his opposition to the constitutional amendment, known as Issue 1. “For many years, in Ohio and in this country, we’ve had a law that said a partial-birth abortion — where the child is partially delivered and then killed and then finally delivered — was illegal in Ohio,” the governor continued. “This constitutional amendment would override that.” Constitutional scholars say that is not true and that the amendment would not override the existing federal ban if Ohio voters approve it.“So changing our constitution will not affect in the slightest way the applicability of the federal partial-birth abortion ban,” said Dan Kobil, a law professor at Capital University in Columbus, who supports abortion rights. “It would be a federal crime for a doctor to violate that ban."That's because the supremacy clause of the U.S. Constitution calls for federal laws to trump state laws, said Jonathan Entin, professor emeritus of law at Case Western State University.“If the federal law prohibits a particular technique, then that’s going to prevail over a state law that might be inconsistent,” he said.Ohio is the only state this November where voters will decide whether abortion should be legal. But the debate isn’t happening in isolation. The state has been used as a campaign testing ground by anti-abortion groups after a string of defeats since the U.S. Supreme Court overturned a constitutional right to the procedure. And next year, abortion rights supporters are planning to put the question before voters in several more states, ensuring the issue will be central to races up and down the ballot.A D&X procedure involved dilating the woman’s cervix, then pulling the fetus through the cervix, feet-first to the neck. The head was then punctured and the skull emptied and compressed to allow the fetus to fit through the dilated cervix. Before the federal ban, it was used for both abortions and miscarriages in the second and third trimesters of pregnancy.DeWine was serving in the U.S. Senate when the Partial-Birth Abortion Ban Act was passed in 2003. He voted for the prohibition, which declared a “moral, medical, and ethical consensus” that the procedure was “gruesome and inhumane.” President George W. Bush signed the measure into law with DeWine at his side.The ban was largely on hold while a constitutional challenge played out. The U.S. Supreme Court in 2007 rejected arguments against the law, upholding its application across all 50 states.Asked why the governor suggested a federal law he supported would not apply if Ohio changes its constitution, spokesman Dan Tierney said DeWine bases his position on provisions of the U.S. Constitution that prevent the federal government from regulating conduct that has no effect on interstate commerce. Kobil acknowledged that argument, but said it’s “almost certain to fail” if tested, given that the Supreme Court already declared the ban constitutional.DeWine isn't the only top elected Republican in the state to warn that the procedure would be revived if the amendment passes on Nov. 7.In a memo earlier this month, Republican Attorney General Dave Yost said the state’s laws outlawing abortions through D&X and another procedure, non-intact dilation and evacuation, or D&E, the most common second trimester method, “would both be invalidated and these abortions would be permitted” if the amendment passes. The Ohio Senate’s Republican supermajority passed a resolution saying something similar.Entin, of Case Western, said “to the extent that the Ohio laws he’s discussed are also covered by the federal law, it doesn’t matter,” because federally banned procedures would remain illegal.Kelsey Pritchard, director of state public affairs for Susan B. Anthony Pro-Life America, whose political arm is a major funder of the campaign opposing the amendment, said the federal ban “lacks enforcement” under a Biden Administration she described as “extreme pro-abortion.”“If it's not being enforced, if there's no teeth to it, then the protections need to happen at the state level,” argued spokesperson Amy Natoce of Protect Women Ohio, the Issue 1 opposition campaign. “Of course, if Issue 1 passed, we won't have those protections.”Mae Winchester, a Cleveland-based maternal fetal medicine specialist, said use of the term in the campaign messaging over the amendment is misleading.“‘Partial-birth abortion’ is a made-up term that only serves to create confusion and stigmatize abortion later in pregnancy,” she said. “It’s not a procedure that’s described anywhere in medical literature, and so it’s not considered a medical term or even an actual medical procedure.”Ohio passed the nation's first ban on what its lawmakers then dubbed “partial birth feticide” in 1995, just three years after Ohio physician Martin Haskell debuted the D&X procedure during an abortion practitioners conference. He touted it as a way to avoid an overnight hospital stay and as safer and less painful for women than other methods. Protect Women Ohio has invoked Haskell’s legacy in one of its ads. It shows an image of Haskell and describes the procedure he pioneered as “painful for the mother and the baby.” The voiceover then calls for a no vote on the amendment “so people like Dr. Haskell can't perform painful ‘late-term’ abortions.”The spot doesn’t note the distinction between “partial-birth” and “late-term” abortions — both non-medical terms coined by anti-abortion advocates — nor reference the federal ban.Mike Gonidakis, president of Ohio Right to Life, said because of protections provided to individuals and abortion providers in the amendment, “The ad withstands any scrutiny.”Haskell retired from active practice two years ago. He declined comment. But he has donated to the main group supporting the constitutional amendment, Ohioans United for Reproductive Rights.Pro-Choice Ohio Executive Director Kellie Copeland called talk of “late-term” and “partial-birth” abortions a scare tactic.“Issue 1 allows for clear restrictions on abortion after viability that protect patients’ health and safety,” she said. “These situations, when a woman needs an abortion later in pregnancy, are incredibly rare and heartbreaking for families.” Ohio hasn’t had an abortion of any type performed after 25 weeks’ gestation since 2018 and only four have been recorded since 2013, according to statistics compiled by the state Health Department. Abortions between 21 and 24 weeks’ gestation, a span that encompasses the outside limit of Ohio’s current law, totaled 576, or 0.6% of the total, over that time.Pritchard, of Susan B. Anthony Pro-Life America, attributed the low numbers to the state's existing abortion restrictions.___Associated Press reporter Christine Fernando in Chicago contributed to this report.。

二 |     교육부 2026년 교육기본통계저출생으로 전체 학생 수가 빠르게 줄어드는 상황에도 이주 배경 학생은 오히려 증가하면서 학교의 학생 구성이 달라지고 있다. 전체 유·초·중·고교 학생은 1년 새 19만명 가까이 감소했고, 이주 배경 학생은 21만명을 넘어 역대 최대를 기록했다. 초등학생은 20명 중 1명 이상이 이주 배경 학생이다.교육부와 한국교육개발원이 26일 발표한 ‘2026년 교육기본통계’를 보면 지난 4월1일 기준 유치원과 초·중·고교 등의 학생 수는 536만2281명으로 지난해보다 18만9007명(3.4%) 감소했다. 특히 초등학생은 221만9370명으로 12만6118명(5.4%) 줄어 감소 폭이 가장 컸다. 중학생은 133만8750명으로 3만1606명(2.3%), 고등학생은 127만9392명으로 2만74명(1.5%) 각각 감소했다.반면 초·중·고교와 각종학교의 이주 배경 학생은 21만838명으로 지난해보다 8630명(4.3%) 증가했다. 전체 학생에서 이주 배경 학생이 차지하는 비율도 지난해 4.0%에서 4.3%로 높아졌다.초등학교의 이주 배경 학생 비율이 5.3%로 가장 높았다. 초등학생 약 20명 중 1명꼴이다. 이주 배경 초등학생은 11만8655명으로 1년 새 2054명(1.8%) 늘었다.이주 배경 학생 증가세는 중·고등학교에서 더 가팔랐다. 이주 배경 중학생은 5만3501명으로 지난해보다 2329명(4.6%) 늘었고, 고등학생은 3만7660명으로 4038명(12.0%) 증가했다. 전체 학생 중 이주 배경 학생 비율은 중학교 4.0%, 고등학교 2.9%였다.유형별로는 국내에서 태어난 국제결혼가정 학생이 13만8736명으로 전체 이주 배경 학생의 65.8%를 차지했다. 외국인 가정 학생은 5만8562명(27.8%), 중도 입국 학생은 1만3540명(6.4%)이었다. 부모 출신 국적별로는 베트남이 6만5247명(30.9%)으로 가장 많았고 중국(한국계 제외) 5만6288명(26.7%), 필리핀 1만7049명(8.1%) 순이었다.이주 배경 학생 증가세는 장기적으로도 뚜렷하다. 2021년 16만58명이었던 이주 배경 학생은 올해 21만838명으로 5년 사이 5만780명(31.7%) 늘었다. 같은 기간 유치원과 초·중·고교 등의 전체 학생 수는 595만7118명에서 536만2281명으로 59만4837명(10.0%) 감소했다.대학 등 고등교육기관의 외국인 유학생 증가 폭도 크다. 외국인 유학생은 30만7464명으로 지난해보다 5만4030명(21.3%) 늘어 처음 30만명을 넘어섰다. 지난해 처음 25만명을 돌파한 데 이어 1년 만에 30만명 선도 넘어선 것이다. 전체 외국인 유학생의 92.1%는 아시아 국가 출신이었다.베트남 출신 유학생은 9만6834명으로 지난해보다 2만1690명(28.9%) 늘어 전체의 31.5%를 차지했다. 중국 출신은 7만8890명(25.7%)으로 베트남에 이어 두 번째였다. 베트남 출신 유학생이 중국 출신을 넘어선 것은 올해가 처음이다. 2010년에는 중국 출신이 전체 외국인 유학생의 71.0%를 차지한 반면 베트남 출신은 2.3%에 불과했다.학생 수가 빠르게 줄어드는 것과 달리 교원과 학교 수의 변화 폭은 상대적으로 작았다. 유·초·중·고교 등의 교원은 50만5545명으로 지난해보다 594명(0.1%) 감소했다. 초등학교 교원은 1599명 줄었지만 중학교는 196명, 고등학교는 217명 각각 증가했다. 교원 1인당 학생 수는 유치원 8.5명, 초등학교 11.6명, 중학교 11.5명, 고등학교 10.0명으로 모든 학교급에서 전년보다 감소했다.학교 수는 2만233개로 전년보다 140개 줄었다. 감소분은 유치원에 집중됐다. 유치원은 167개 줄어 7973개가 됐고 초등학교는 1개 감소한 6191개였다. 반면 중학교는 9개 늘어난 3301개, 고등학교는 11개 늘어난 2398개였고 기타학교(특수·각종학교 등)는 8개 증가한 370개였다.。

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